{"id":9568,"date":"2024-02-26T14:56:02","date_gmt":"2024-02-26T13:56:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/?p=9568"},"modified":"2024-05-28T10:41:21","modified_gmt":"2024-05-28T09:41:21","slug":"epibell-seminars-politiques-de-control-del-tabac-a-brasil-una-visio-historica-i-actual","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/en\/epibell-seminars-politiques-de-control-del-tabac-a-brasil-una-visio-historica-i-actual\/","title":{"rendered":"EPIBELL Seminars: Pol\u00edtiques de control del tabac a Brasil: una visi\u00f3 hist\u00f2rica i actual"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>El control del tabac a Brasil constitueix un desafiament constant del qual no hem de baixar la gu\u00e0rdia ja que actualment tenim nous reptes com l\u2019aparici\u00f3 de nous productes de tabac i nicotina. Aquests productes s\u00f3n addictius i estan associats a diverses malalties que causen discapacitat i mort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Brasil \u00e9s una refer\u00e8ncia internacional en el control del tabac i ha estat implementant mesures adequades durant gaireb\u00e9 quatre d\u00e8cades. El 1986, es va llan\u00e7ar el Programa Nacional de Lluita contra el Tabac, un punt de refer\u00e8ncia que va incloure pautes per a les mesures de control del tabac a nivell federal i es va crear el Dia Nacional contra el Tabac, el 29 d\u2019agost. La Constituci\u00f3 Federal de 1988 va ser important per al control del tabac al pa\u00eds, el seu concepte de salut com un dret de tots i deure de l\u2019Estat, i el desenvolupament del Sistema \u00danic de Salut (SUS) van ser importants per desenvolupar mesures per prevenir el consum de tabac i ajudar les persones a deixar de fumar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>El 1996, es va promulgar una llei que regula la publicitat dels cigarrets, prohibeix l\u2019\u00fas de cigarrets i altres productes per fumar en espais col\u00b7lectius privats o p\u00fablics. Anvisa, l\u2019Ag\u00e8ncia Nacional de Vigil\u00e0ncia Sanit\u00e0ria creada el 1999, va permetre mesures m\u00e9s efectives per controlar i inspeccionar els productes de tabac i va emetre una resoluci\u00f3 que prohibeix la venda, importaci\u00f3 i publicitat de qualsevol dispositiu per fumar, conegut com a cigarrets electr\u00f2nics, el 2009. El 2009, es va aprovar una llei revolucion\u00e0ria a l\u2019estat de S\u00e3o Paulo que prohibeix fumar en llocs p\u00fablics tancats. Els establiments que incompleixin la prohibici\u00f3 s\u2019enfronten a multes de fins a 750 d\u00f2lars per una primera infracci\u00f3, amb la multa duplicant-se en cas de reincid\u00e8ncia. Una tercera infracci\u00f3 comporta el tancament del negoci durant 48 hores i una quarta el tanca durant 30 dies. Aquesta llei es va convertir en federal el 2011. Brasil \u00e9s signatari del Conveni Marc de l\u2019Organitzaci\u00f3 Mundial de la Salut per al Control del Tabac (CMCT de l\u2019OMS) des de 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Des de l\u2019adopci\u00f3 del tractat, Brasil \u00e9s un dels dos pa\u00efsos que ha adoptat totes les mesures MPOWER als nivells de millors pr\u00e0ctiques. Com a resultat de l\u2019aposta de Brasil per les mesures de control del tabac, la prevalen\u00e7a del consum de tabac ha disminu\u00eft dr\u00e0sticament en un 74% en les \u00faltimes tres d\u00e8cades, passant del 34% el 1986 al 9,1% el 2021. Tot i estar prohibit, els cigarrets electr\u00f2nics representen un nou desafiament per al control del fum a Brasil, principalment entre els infants i els joves, i la lluita contra ells ha estat una prioritat m\u00e0xima per mantenir el progr\u00e9s aconseguit en els \u00faltims quasi 40 anys. El 2022, Anvisa va votar a favor de mantenir la prohibici\u00f3 dels cigarrets electr\u00f2nics i el Ministeri de Just\u00edcia va promulgar una llei per prohibir la venda de cigarrets electr\u00f2nics a Brasil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"986\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2024\/02\/Irma-986x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9569\" style=\"width:660px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2024\/02\/Irma-986x1024.jpg 986w, https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2024\/02\/Irma-289x300.jpg 289w, https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2024\/02\/Irma-768x798.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2024\/02\/Irma-500x519.jpg 500w, https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2024\/02\/Irma-800x831.jpg 800w, https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2024\/02\/Irma.jpg 1030w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 986px) 100vw, 986px\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El control del tabac a Brasil constitueix un desafiament constant del qual no hem de baixar la gu\u00e0rdia ja que actualment tenim nous reptes com l\u2019aparici\u00f3 de nous productes de tabac i nicotina. Aquests productes s\u00f3n addictius i estan associats a diverses malalties que causen discapacitat i mort. Brasil \u00e9s una refer\u00e8ncia internacional en el [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":9800,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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control del tabac a Brasil constitueix un desafiament constant del qual no hem de baixar la gu\u00e0rdia ja que actualment tenim nous reptes com l\u2019aparici\u00f3 de nous productes de tabac i nicotina. Aquests productes s\u00f3n addictius i estan associats a diverses malalties que causen discapacitat i mort. Brasil \u00e9s una refer\u00e8ncia internacional en el&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9568","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/28"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9568"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9568\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9572,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9568\/revisions\/9572"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9800"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9568"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9568"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9568"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}