{"id":16562,"date":"2026-09-10T12:40:46","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T10:40:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/?p=16562"},"modified":"2026-09-10T12:46:33","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T10:46:33","slug":"el-fum-de-segona-ma-va-causar-166-milions-de-morts-entre-persones-no-fumadores-el-2023","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/el-fum-de-segona-ma-va-causar-166-milions-de-morts-entre-persones-no-fumadores-el-2023\/","title":{"rendered":"El fum de segona m\u00e0 va causar 1,66 milions de morts entre\u00a0persones que no fumen el 2023\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&#8217;exposici\u00f3 al fum de segona m\u00e0 continua sent un important problema de salut p\u00fablica mundial. Un <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lanpub\/article\/PIIS2468-2667(26)00168-4\/fulltext\">nou estudi<\/a> publicat a\u00a0<strong><em>The\u00a0Lancet\u00a0Public\u00a0Health<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0en el marc de l&#8217;Estudi de C\u00e0rrega Mundial de Malalties (Global\u00a0Burden\u00a0of\u00a0Disease, GBD) 2023 estima que\u00a0<strong>el fum passiu va ser responsable de 1,66 milions de morts<\/strong>\u00a0i de 44,8 milions d&#8217;anys de vida ajustats per discapacitat (AVAD) entre persones que no fumen durant l&#8217;any 2023.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&#8217;estudi, liderat per investigadors de <strong>l&#8217;Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation<\/strong> de la Universitat de Washington, compta amb la participaci\u00f3 de <strong>Joan B. Soriano<\/strong>, epidemi\u00f2leg de la Universitat de les Illes Balears, pneum\u00f2leg de l&#8217;Hospital Universitario de La Princesa i col\u00b7laborador del grup CIBERES co-liderat per la Unitat de Control del Tabac de l&#8217;ICO. La investigaci\u00f3 \u00e9s la primera publicaci\u00f3 espec\u00edfica del GBD dedicada a quantificar la prevalen\u00e7a de l&#8217;exposici\u00f3 al fum de segona m\u00e0 i la seva c\u00e0rrega de malaltia en 204 pa\u00efsos i territoris entre 1990 i 2023.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>M\u00e9s de 2.700 milions de persones exposades<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Segons les estimacions de l&#8217;estudi, l&#8217;any 2023 hi havia 2.710 milions de persones exposades al fum passiu a tot el m\u00f3n. Entre aquestes,<strong>\u00a01.490 milions eren dones i 767 milions eren infants de 0 a 14 anys<\/strong>, dos dels col\u00b7lectius <strong>que suporten una major c\u00e0rrega<\/strong> de malaltia relacionada amb aquesta exposici\u00f3.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La prevalen\u00e7a m\u00e9s elevada es registra al&nbsp;<strong>sud-est asi\u00e0tic, l&#8217;\u00c0sia oriental i Oceania<\/strong>, on gaireb\u00e9 la meitat de la poblaci\u00f3 est\u00e0 exposada al fum de segona m\u00e0. Nom\u00e9s tres pa\u00efsos, la Xina, l&#8217;\u00cdndia i Indon\u00e8sia, concentren gaireb\u00e9 la meitat de totes les persones exposades al m\u00f3n.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Malalties cardiovasculars i respirat\u00f2ries, les principals afectades<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&#8217;estudi analitza nou problemes de salut associats al fum de segona m\u00e0:<strong>&nbsp;cardiopatia isqu\u00e8mica, ictus, malaltia pulmonar obstructiva cr\u00f2nica (MPOC), infeccions respirat\u00f2ries baixes, c\u00e0ncer de pulm\u00f3, c\u00e0ncer de mama, diabetis tipus 2, otitis mitjana i asma<\/strong>. Aquesta \u00faltima s&#8217;incorpora per primera vegada com a malaltia atribu\u00efble al fum passiu dins del marc metodol\u00f2gic del GBD.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A escala global,\u00a0<strong>la cardiopatia isqu\u00e8mica \u00e9s la principal causa de c\u00e0rrega de malaltia atribu\u00efble al fum de segona m\u00e0<\/strong>, amb 12 milions d&#8217;AVAD. Entre els infants, les infeccions respirat\u00f2ries baixes representen la major part de l&#8217;impacte sanitari, amb m\u00e9s de 5 milions d&#8217;AVAD atribu\u00efbles a aquesta exposici\u00f3.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>La situaci\u00f3 a Espanya<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Segons destaca\u00a0<strong>Joan B. Soriano<\/strong>,<strong>\u00a0aproximadament una de cada tres persones continua exposada al fum de segona m\u00e0 a Espanya<\/strong>.\u00a0Les estimacions situen en\u00a0<strong>14,3 milions les persones exposades al pa\u00eds<\/strong>, corresponents a una prevalen\u00e7a del 35,4% de la poblaci\u00f3. D&#8217;aquestes, 6,8 milions s\u00f3n dones i 7,5 milions s\u00f3n homes. Segons Soriano, els infants constitueixen un dels grups m\u00e9s vulnerables als efectes del fum passiu, ja que tenen les vies respirat\u00f2ries en desenvolupament i un sistema immunitari encara immadur.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Els resultats aporten nova evid\u00e8ncia cient\u00edfica sobre la necessitat de refor\u00e7ar les pol\u00edtiques de control del tabaquisme i les mesures de protecci\u00f3 de la poblaci\u00f3 no fumadora. En aquest sentit,\u00a0<strong>l&#8217;estudi dona suport a l&#8217;ampliaci\u00f3 dels espais sense fum prevista en la futura reforma de la llei del tabac impulsada pel Ministeri de Sanitat.<\/strong>\u00a0 La proposta contempla l&#8217;extensi\u00f3 de la prohibici\u00f3 de fumar i\u00a0vapejar\u00a0a diversos espais exteriors, entre els quals s&#8217;inclouen les terrasses de bars i restaurants, les platges, els parcs infantils, les instal\u00b7lacions esportives a l&#8217;aire lliure, les estacions i marquesines de transport p\u00fablic, els centres educatius i els vehicles d&#8217;\u00fas laboral.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Segons els autors,<strong>&nbsp;reduir l&#8217;exposici\u00f3 al fum de segona m\u00e0 continua sent una de les mesures m\u00e9s efectives per prevenir malalties i protegir la salut<\/strong>, especialment entre dones i infants, que suporten una part desproporcionada de la c\u00e0rrega associada a aquesta exposici\u00f3 evitable.&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&#8217;exposici\u00f3 al fum de segona m\u00e0 continua sent un important problema de salut p\u00fablica mundial. Un nou estudi publicat a\u00a0The\u00a0Lancet\u00a0Public\u00a0Health\u00a0en el marc de l&#8217;Estudi de C\u00e0rrega Mundial de Malalties (Global\u00a0Burden\u00a0of\u00a0Disease, GBD) 2023 estima que\u00a0el fum passiu va ser responsable de 1,66 milions de morts\u00a0i de 44,8 milions d&#8217;anys de vida ajustats per discapacitat (AVAD) entre [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":16564,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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al fum de segona m\u00e0 continua sent un important problema de salut p\u00fablica mundial. Un nou estudi publicat a\u00a0The\u00a0Lancet\u00a0Public\u00a0Health\u00a0en el marc de l&#8217;Estudi de C\u00e0rrega Mundial de Malalties (Global\u00a0Burden\u00a0of\u00a0Disease, GBD) 2023 estima que\u00a0el fum passiu va ser responsable de 1,66 milions de morts\u00a0i de 44,8 milions d&#8217;anys de vida ajustats per discapacitat (AVAD) entre&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16562","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/28"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16562"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16562\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16569,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16562\/revisions\/16569"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16564"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16562"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16562"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16562"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}