{"id":16574,"date":"2026-09-10T15:45:50","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T13:45:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/secondhand-smoke-caused-1-66-million-deaths-among-non-smokers-in-2023\/"},"modified":"2026-09-10T15:45:50","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T13:45:50","slug":"secondhand-smoke-caused-1-66-million-deaths-among-non-smokers-in-2023","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/secondhand-smoke-caused-1-66-million-deaths-among-non-smokers-in-2023\/","title":{"rendered":"Secondhand smoke caused 1.66 million deaths among non-smokers in 2023"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L’exposici\u00f3 al fum de segona m\u00e0 continua sent un important problema de salut p\u00fablica mundial. Un nou estudi<\/a> publicat a The Lancet Public Health<\/em><\/strong> en el marc de l’Estudi de C\u00e0rrega Mundial de Malalties (Global Burden of Disease, GBD) 2023 estima que el fum passiu va ser responsable de 1,66 milions de morts<\/strong> i de 44,8 milions d’anys de vida ajustats per discapacitat (AVAD) entre persones que no fumen durant l’any 2023. <\/p>\n\n

L’estudi, liderat per investigadors de l’Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation<\/strong> de la Universitat de Washington, compta amb la participaci\u00f3 de Joan B. Soriano<\/strong>, epidemi\u00f2leg de la Universitat de les Illes Balears, pneum\u00f2leg de l’Hospital Universitario de La Princesa i col\u00b7laborador del grup CIBERES co-liderat per la Unitat de Control del Tabac de l’ICO. La investigaci\u00f3 \u00e9s la primera publicaci\u00f3 espec\u00edfica del GBD dedicada a quantificar la prevalen\u00e7a de l’exposici\u00f3 al fum de segona m\u00e0 i la seva c\u00e0rrega de malaltia en 204 pa\u00efsos i territoris entre 1990 i 2023. <\/p>\n\n

M\u00e9s de 2.700 milions de persones exposades<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n

Segons les estimacions de l’estudi, l’any 2023 hi havia 2.710 milions de persones exposades al fum passiu a tot el m\u00f3n. Entre aquestes, 1.490 milions eren dones i 767 milions eren infants de 0 a 14 anys<\/strong>, dos dels col\u00b7lectius que suporten una major c\u00e0rrega<\/strong> de malaltia relacionada amb aquesta exposici\u00f3. <\/p>\n\n

La prevalen\u00e7a m\u00e9s elevada es registra al sud-est asi\u00e0tic, l’\u00c0sia oriental i Oceania<\/strong>, on gaireb\u00e9 la meitat de la poblaci\u00f3 est\u00e0 exposada al fum de segona m\u00e0. Nom\u00e9s tres pa\u00efsos, la Xina, l’\u00cdndia i Indon\u00e8sia, concentren gaireb\u00e9 la meitat de totes les persones exposades al m\u00f3n. <\/p>\n\n

Malalties cardiovasculars i respirat\u00f2ries, les principals afectades<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n

L’estudi analitza nou problemes de salut associats al fum de segona m\u00e0: cardiopatia isqu\u00e8mica, ictus, malaltia pulmonar obstructiva cr\u00f2nica (MPOC), infeccions respirat\u00f2ries baixes, c\u00e0ncer de pulm\u00f3, c\u00e0ncer de mama, diabetis tipus 2, otitis mitjana i asma<\/strong>. Aquesta \u00faltima s’incorpora per primera vegada com a malaltia atribu\u00efble al fum passiu dins del marc metodol\u00f2gic del GBD. <\/p>\n\n

A escala global, la cardiopatia isqu\u00e8mica \u00e9s la principal causa de c\u00e0rrega de malaltia atribu\u00efble al fum de segona m\u00e0<\/strong>, amb 12 milions d’AVAD. Entre els infants, les infeccions respirat\u00f2ries baixes representen la major part de l’impacte sanitari, amb m\u00e9s de 5 milions d’AVAD atribu\u00efbles a aquesta exposici\u00f3. <\/p>\n\n

La situaci\u00f3 a Espanya<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n

Segons destaca Joan B. Soriano<\/strong>, aproximadament una de cada tres persones continua exposada al fum de segona m\u00e0 a Espanya<\/strong>. Les estimacions situen en 14,3 milions les persones exposades al pa\u00eds<\/strong>, corresponents a una prevalen\u00e7a del 35,4% de la poblaci\u00f3. D’aquestes, 6,8 milions s\u00f3n dones i 7,5 milions s\u00f3n homes. Segons Soriano, els infants constitueixen un dels grups m\u00e9s vulnerables als efectes del fum passiu, ja que tenen les vies respirat\u00f2ries en desenvolupament i un sistema immunitari encara immadur. <\/p>\n\n

Els resultats aporten nova evid\u00e8ncia cient\u00edfica sobre la necessitat de refor\u00e7ar les pol\u00edtiques de control del tabaquisme i les mesures de protecci\u00f3 de la poblaci\u00f3 no fumadora. En aquest sentit, l’estudi dona suport a l’ampliaci\u00f3 dels espais sense fum prevista en la futura reforma de la llei del tabac impulsada pel Ministeri de Sanitat.<\/strong> La proposta contempla l’extensi\u00f3 de la prohibici\u00f3 de fumar i vapejar a diversos espais exteriors, entre els quals s’inclouen les terrasses de bars i restaurants, les platges, els parcs infantils, les instal\u00b7lacions esportives a l’aire lliure, les estacions i marquesines de transport p\u00fablic, els centres educatius i els vehicles d’\u00fas laboral. <\/p>\n\n

Segons els autors, reduir l’exposici\u00f3 al fum de segona m\u00e0 continua sent una de les mesures m\u00e9s efectives per prevenir malalties i protegir la salut<\/strong>, especialment entre dones i infants, que suporten una part desproporcionada de la c\u00e0rrega associada a aquesta exposici\u00f3 evitable. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’exposici\u00f3 al fum de segona m\u00e0 continua sent un important problema de salut p\u00fablica mundial. Un nou estudi publicat a The Lancet Public Health en el marc de l’Estudi de C\u00e0rrega Mundial de Malalties (Global Burden of Disease, GBD) 2023 estima que el fum passiu va ser responsable de 1,66 milions de morts i de 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al fum de segona m\u00e0 continua sent un important problema de salut p\u00fablica mundial. Un nou estudi publicat a The Lancet Public Health en el marc de l’Estudi de C\u00e0rrega Mundial de Malalties (Global Burden of Disease, GBD) 2023 estima que el fum passiu va ser responsable de 1,66 milions de morts i de…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16574","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/28"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16574"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16574\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16575,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16574\/revisions\/16575"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16573"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16574"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16574"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icoprevencio.cat\/uct\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16574"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}