@article{pmid36566961,

title = {Measurement of airborne nicotine, as a marker of secondhand smoke exposure, in homes with residents who smoke in 9 European countries},

author = {Henderson E and Rodriguez Guerrero LA and Continente X and Fernández E and Tigova O and Cortés-Francisco N and Semple S and Dobson R and Tzortzi A and Vyzikidou VK and Gorini G and Geshanova G and Mons U and Przewozniak K and Precioso J and Brad R and López MJ and TackSHS project Investigators},

doi = {10.1016/j.envres.2022.115118},

issn = {1096-0953},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-02-01},

journal = {Environ Res},

volume = {219},

pages = {115118},

abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Smoke-free policies are effective in preventing secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure, but their adoption at home remains largely voluntary. This study aimed to quantify SHS exposure in homes with residents who smoke in Europe according to households' characteristics, tobacco consumption habits, and national contextual factors.nnMETHODS: Cross-sectional study (March 2017-September 2018) based on measurements of air nicotine inside 162 homes with residents who smoke from nine European countries. We installed passive samplers for seven consecutive days to monitor nicotine concentrations. Through self-administered questionnaires, we collected sociodemographic information and the number of individuals who smoke, smoking rules, frequency, location, and quantity of tobacco use in households. Country-level factors included the overall score in the Tobacco Control Scale 2016, the smoking prevalence, and self-reported SHS exposure prevalence. Nicotine concentrations were analyzed as continuous and dichotomous variables, categorized based on the limit of quantification of 0.02 μg/m.nnRESULTS: Overall, median nicotine concentration was 0.85 μg/m (interquartile range (IQR):0.15-4.42), and there was nicotine presence in 93% of homes. Participants reported that smoking was not permitted in approximately 20% of households, 40% had two or more residents who smoked, and in 79% residents had smoked inside during the week of sampling. We found higher nicotine concentrations in homes: with smell of tobacco smoke inside (1.45 μg/m IQR: 0.32-6.34), where smoking was allowed (1.60 μg/m IQR: 0.68-7.63), with two or more residents who smoked (2.42 μg/m IQR: 0.58-11.0), with more than 40 cigarettes smoked (2.92 μg/m IQR: 0.97-10.61), and where two or more residents smoked inside (4.02 μg/m IQR: 1.58-11.74). Household nicotine concentrations were significantly higher in countries with higher national smoking prevalence and self-reported SHS exposure prevalence (p < 0.05).nnCONCLUSIONS: SHS concentrations in homes with individuals who smoke were approximately twenty times higher in homes that allowed smoking compared to those reporting smoke-free household rules. Evidence-based interventions promoting smoke-free homes should be implemented in combination with strengthening other MPOWER measures.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid35671260,

title = {Compliance with the smoke-free policy in hospitals in Spain: the patients' perspective},

author = {Fu M and Castellano Y and Feliu A and Saura J and Estrada J and Galimany-Masclans J and Moreno C and Fernández E and Martínez C},

doi = {10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000757},

issn = {1473-5709},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Eur J Cancer Prev},

volume = {32},

number = {1},

pages = {81--88},

abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To explore compliance with the smoke-free policy in hospitals in Catalonia, Spain, by exploring inpatients' perceptions.nnMETHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of a random sample of 1047 inpatients from 13 public hospitals. We collected data about: (a) type of information about the smoke-free policy provided by the hospital, (b) patients' knowledge about the policy, (c) general appreciation of the compliance with the policy, and (d) specific appreciation of such compliance by noticing any sign of tobacco consumption. We described the data by several patients' and hospitals' characteristics and assessed their association with the perceived noncompliance using prevalence ratios (PR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs).nnRESULTS: Few patients were informed about the smoke-free policy (4.8% orally, 6.1% in writing, and 55.6% through sign postings). About 64% were aware of the regulation and 73.5% believed that it was properly obeyed. While 0.7% had never or rarely observed smoking indoors, 36.2% had seen someone smoking outdoors sometimes or many times. Signs of tobacco consumption were observed indoors and outdoors. Factors associated with the perception of noncompliance were: being less than 45 years old versus being more than 64 years old (adjusted PR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.09-4.98) and currently smoking versus have never smoked (adjusted PR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.02-3.34).nnCONCLUSION: Compliance with the smoke-free policy in hospitals according to the patients' view is notable, although several infringements were reported, mainly outdoors. The smoke-free policy in hospitals should be reinforced by prompting continuous awareness campaigns and the exemplary role of hospital workers.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pmid36534716,

title = {Efficacy of Presurgical Interventions to Promote Smoking Cessation: A Systematic Review},

author = {Gavilan E and Fernández E and Minguell J and Trilla E and Zuriguel-Pérez E and Martínez C},

doi = {10.1213/ANE.0000000000006240},

issn = {1526-7598},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Anesth Analg},

volume = {136},

number = {1},

pages = {43--50},

abstract = {The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of presurgical interventions for promoting smoking cessation in terms of achieving smoking abstinence and reducing surgical complication rates. A systematic review of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published from March 2009 to April 2021 was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. References were found in MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science (WOS), and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). RCTs comparing the efficacy of a smoking cessation program directed at an intervention group (IG) versus the usual intervention or another directed at a control group (CG) were included. No language restrictions were applied in the search. All approaches to smoking cessation were admitted (face-to-face, telephone, group, individual, multicomponent, etc.), as were all methods for assessing abstinence, follow-up times, surgical specialties, definitions of smokers, and all types of surgical complications. Four hundred forty-four references were pulled out, and 79 duplicates were discarded. We excluded 346 records that were after application of the inclusion/exclusion criteria. In addition to the remaining 19 articles, 1 article obtained from citation searches was also assessed. We finally included 11 original articles in this systematic review, corresponding to 9 studies, because 2 of the RCTs had 2 different articles referring to different aspects of the same study. The results showed long-term postoperative (6 to 12 months) abstinence rates between 25.0% and 36.4% in RCTs with intensive multicomponent interventions, versus rates about 13.0% in brief interventions. Two multicomponent interventions obtained significant improvements regarding the reduction of short-term postoperative surgical complications. In conclusion, presurgical multicomponent smoking cessation interventions are more effective than brief interventions in terms of achieving abstinence and reducing surgical complications. The follow-up time and the intensity of the interventions were predictors of dropout.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}